lesson 1 14 LEARNER-CENTERED PSYCHOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE

14 LEARNER-CENTERED PSYCHOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE

14 Learner-centered psychological principle

·         Cognitive and Meta cognitive Factors

1.Nature of learning process

-The learning of complex subject matter is most effective when it is an intentional             process of constructing meaning from information and experience.

2.Goals of the learning process

-successful learner, overtime and with support and instructional guidance, can create meaningful, coherent representations of knowledge.

3.Construction of knowledge

-the successful learner can link new information with existing knowledge in                        meaningful ways.

4.Strategic thinking

-The successful learner can create and use repeater of thinking and reasoning                 strategies to achieve complex learning goals.

5.Thinking about thinking

-higher order strategies for selecting and monitoring mental operations facilitate                  creative and critical thinking.

6.Context of Learning

                 -Learning is influenced by environmental factors including culture, technology and                         instructional  practices.

·         Developmental and social Factors

1.Developmental of influences on learning

-Learning is most effective when differential development within and across                      physical, intellectual, emotional, and social domains is taken into account.

             2.Social influences in learning

                          -Learning is influence by social interactions, interpersonal relations and                                       communication with others.

                3.Effect of motivation and effort

                          -Acquisition of complex knowledge and skills requires extended learner effort                               and guided practice.

·         Individual Difference Factors

1.Individual differences in learning

-Learners have different strategies, approaches and capabilities for learning that               are a function of prior experience and heredity.

2.Learning and diversity

-Learning is most effective when differences in learner’s linguistic, cultural and                  social backgrounds are taken into account.

·         Motivational and Effective

1. Motional and emotional influences in learning

-Motivation to learn in turn, fun is influenced by the individual’s emotional states,                 beliefs, interest and goals, habits of thinking.

2. Intrinsic motivation to learn

-The learner’s creativity, higher order thinking and natural curiosity all contribute to motivation to learn.

3.Standards and assessment

My Reflection- The learner centered focused on individual learners. The learners experience, capabilities, talents, interest and heredity...These principles help pupils to improve their knowledge, motivate pupils to achieve their goals in life.